The relationship between India and Italy has entered a pivotal phase, evolving from a cordial friendship into a special strategic partnership based on shared values of freedom, democracy, and a common vision for the future. With the international system undergoing significant changes, this partnership is characterized by regular exchanges at high political and institutional levels, enhancing collaboration across economic and societal dimensions as well as leveraging millennia-old civilizational wisdom.
Both nations recognize that prosperity and security in the 21st century will depend on their ability to foster innovation, manage energy transitions, and enhance strategic sovereignty. The commitment to deepen and diversify the bilateral relationship aims to achieve new objectives and harness complementary strengths. This involves creating synergies between Italy’s renowned design and manufacturing expertise and India’s rapid economic growth, engineering talent, and vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem, which includes over 100 unicorns and 200,000 start-ups.
The Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and India is expected to boost trade and investment, with a target of surpassing €20 billion in bilateral trade by 2029. Key sectors targeted include defense and aerospace, clean technologies, machinery, automotive components, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, and tourism. The “Made in Italy” brand, renowned for its excellence, aligns seamlessly with India’s “Make in India” initiative. The increasing presence of Indian industries in Italy, now exceeding 1,000, signals a strengthening of integrated supply chains.
Technological innovation is a central aspect of this partnership. The forthcoming decades will be defined by a technological revolution in fields such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), quantum computing, and digital infrastructure. India’s vibrant innovation ecosystem, combined with Italy’s advanced industrial capacities, positions both nations strategically for collaboration in these areas. The partnership between universities and research centers in both countries will further bolster this endeavor.
AI is already impacting global economies and societal structures. Italy and India are committed to responsible and human-centered AI development, viewing it as a tool for inclusive growth, particularly within the Global South. The collaboration emphasizes that technology should serve humanity rather than undermine individual rights or influence democratic processes.
The space sector also features prominently in their partnership. India’s advancements in space exploration and Italy’s proficiency in aerospace engineering present opportunities for joint initiatives and next-generation technology development. Security challenges, including terrorism and cyber-crime, necessitate enhanced defense cooperation to ensure protection of critical maritime routes.
Energy collaboration is another vital pillar. The global transition to diverse energy sources requires innovation, and Italy and India are exploring partnerships in renewable energy, hydrogen technologies, and resilient infrastructure. India’s ambition to become a hub for green hydrogen export complements Italy’s technological expertise in renewable infrastructure.
Interconnectivity among physical, digital, and human networks further solidifies their relationship. India and Italy occupy pivotal positions in the Indo-Pacific and Mediterranean regions, respectively. Recognizing their interconnectedness, the emergence of an Indo-Mediterranean corridor can enhance trade, technology, and energy systems that connect the Indian Ocean to Europe.
The India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor exemplifies this vision, aiming to link the regions through modern transport, digital networks, energy frameworks, and robust supply chains. Both nations are dedicated to realizing this vision in collaboration with other partners.
Cultural ties provide a solid foundation for addressing shared challenges. The Indian concept of “Dharma” emphasizes responsibility, while the philosophy of “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam,” or “the world is one family,” resonates in today’s interconnected age. These values align with Italy’s humanist tradition, rooted in the Renaissance, which underscores individual dignity and the unifying power of culture. Together, India and Italy aim to establish a strong, progressive partnership with a focus on the welfare of their people.
The article is jointly authored by the Prime Ministers of India and Italy.
