DDR4 vs DDR5
Currently, there are two RAM standards available, and it’s likely that both will coexist for some time as DDR4 slowly fades away. If you’re upgrading an older setup, you’ll likely need DDR4 RAM, while those building a new system will be in search of DDR5. Be sure to verify your motherboard model to ensure compatibility, as these two types are not interchangeable. If you’re interested, you can also find a detailed guide about the distinctions between DDR4 and DDR5.
Capacity
Once you’ve determined whether you require DDR4 or DDR5, the next key factor is deciding on the memory size. Unless your usage is limited to basic web browsing and occasional video watching, starting with 32GB is advisable. Memory is typically sold in kits, so to achieve 32GB, you would normally purchase a pair of 16GB sticks, referred to in listings as 2x16GB, and install them according to your motherboard’s instructions for dual-channel memory operation. Some gamers might see advantages with 64GB, but anything beyond that is generally reserved for specific applications.
Speed
The other significant metric you’ll encounter regarding memory is clock speed, which is measured in MHz. DDR5 begins at 3,200MHz, and most DIY memory typically falls within the 6,000-6,400MHz spectrum. Enthusiast RAM can reach as high as 8,000MHz, although the average user is unlikely to fully benefit from such speeds.
Importantly, to maximize your RAM’s rated speed, you’ll need to ensure that XMP (or AMD’s EXPO) is activated in your BIOS settings. For guidance on how to enable this feature and adjust your MHz settings, consult your motherboard manual.
Latency
An additional performance metric is CL, or CAS Latency. While clock speed indicates how fast the RAM can transfer data, CL represents how quickly it can access that data, with a lower value signifying quicker access. Although DDR5 experiences a notable increase in clock speeds, the CL numbers might appear elevated for those familiar with DDR4 specifications. It’s important to understand that the enhancement in clock speeds compensates for this difference, with current figures showing around 28-30 for the initial number, as opposed to the earlier 12-16.
Fit and Compatibility
There are several other considerations to factor in when selecting memory for your system. Most RAM modules are similar in size, but if you have a large CPU cooler, make sure that any heat spreaders on the memory aren’t excessively tall. Generally, most standard motherboards won’t impose any significant memory capacity limits that would concern typical PC users or gamers. However, if you’re upgrading an older setup, it’s wise to check the manual and model of the motherboard to confirm its memory capacity.
Additionally, be aware that there are usually two types of memory module sizes. You will predominantly find DIMMs in desktop systems and SO-DIMMs in laptops, although some compact desktop computers might opt for laptop memory sizes.
